##ciekawa_strona##
Compare Ghana (2001) - Norfolk Island (2005)
Compare Ghana (2001) z Norfolk Island (2005)
| Ghana (2001) | Norfolk Island (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 10 regions; Ashanti, Brong-Ahafo, Central, Eastern, Greater Accra, Northern, Upper East, Upper West, Volta, Western | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
41.18% (male 4,123,317; female 4,068,786) 15-64 years: 55.35% (male 5,455,577; female 5,555,278) 65 years and over: 3.47% (male 328,809; female 362,247) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 20.2%
15-64 years: 63.9% 65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | cocoa, rice, coffee, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, corn, shea nuts, bananas; timber | Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry |
| Airports | 12 (2000 est.) | 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
6 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
238,540 sq km land: 230,020 sq km water: 8,520 sq km |
total: 34.6 sq km
land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Oregon | about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Formed from the merger of the British colony of the Gold Coast and the Togoland trust territory, Ghana in 1957 became the first country in colonial Africa to gain its independence. A long series of coups resulted in the suspension of the constitution in 1981 and the banning of political parties. A new constitution, restoring multiparty politics, was approved in 1992. Lt. Jerry RAWLINGS, head of state since 1981, won presidential elections in 1992 and 1996, but was constitutionally prevented from running for a third term in 2000. He was succeeded by John KUFUOR. | Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. |
| Birth rate | 28.95 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA |
| Budget | revenues:
$1.39 billion expenditures: $1.47 billion, including capital expenditures of $370 million (1996 est.) |
revenues: $20 million
expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00) |
| Capital | Accra | Kingston |
| Climate | tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north | subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation |
| Coastline | 539 km | 32 km |
| Constitution | new constitution approved 28 April 1992 | Norfolk Island Act of 1979 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of Ghana conventional short form: Ghana former: Gold Coast |
conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island |
| Currency | cedi (GHC) | - |
| Death rate | 10.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA |
| Debt - external | $7 billion (1999 est.) | NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Kathryn D. ROBINSON embassy: Ring Road East, East of Danquah Circle, Accra mailing address: P. O. Box 194, Accra telephone: [233] (21) 775348 FAX: [233] (21) 776008 |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Kobena KOOMSON chancery: 3512 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 686-4520 FAX: [1] (202) 686-4527 consulate(s) general: New York |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $477.3 million (1995) | NA |
| Economy - overview | Well endowed with natural resources, Ghana has twice the per capita output of the poorer countries in West Africa. Even so, Ghana remains heavily dependent on international financial and technical assistance. Gold, timber, and cocoa production are major sources of foreign exchange. The domestic economy continues to revolve around subsistence agriculture, which accounts for 36% of GDP and employs 60% of the work force, mainly small landholders. In 1995-97, Ghana made mixed progress under a three-year structural adjustment program in cooperation with the IMF. On the minus side, public sector wage increases and regional peacekeeping commitments have led to continued inflationary deficit financing, depreciation of the cedi, and rising public discontent with Ghana's austerity measures. Political uncertainty and a depressed cocoa market led to disappointing growth in 2000. A rebound in the cocoa market should push growth over 4% in 2001-02. | Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. |
| Electricity - consumption | 5.573 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 400 million kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 890 million kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - production | 5.466 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
26.82% hydro: 73.18% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Afadjato 880 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m |
| Environment - current issues | recent drought in north severely affecting agricultural activities; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; poaching and habitat destruction threatens wildlife populations; water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation |
- |
| Ethnic groups | black African 99.8% (major tribes - Akan 44%, Moshi-Dagomba 16%, Ewe 13%, Ga 8%), European and other 0.2% | descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians |
| Exchange rates | cedis per US dollar - 6,895.77 (January 2001), 5,321.68 (2000), 2,647.32 (1999), 2,314.15 (1998), 2,050.17 (1997), 1,637.23 (1996) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 and 28 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004) election results: John Agyekum KUFUOR elected president in runoff; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 56.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.6% |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)
head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001) cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2% |
| Exports | $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000) | $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) |
| Exports - commodities | gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite, aluminum, manganese ore, diamonds | postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados |
| Exports - partners | Togo, UK, Italy, Netherlands, Germany, US, France (1998) | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Bolivia, which has a coat of arms centered in the yellow band | three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $37.4 billion (2000 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
36% industry: 25% services: 39% (2000 est.) |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,900 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3% (2000 est.) | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 8 00 N, 2 00 W | 29 02 S, 167 57 E |
| Geography - note | Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake; northeasterly harmattan wind (January to March) | most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated |
| Highways | total:
39,409 km paved: 11,653 km (including 30 km of expressways) unpaved: 27,756 km (1997) |
total: 80 km
paved: 53 km unpaved: 27 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
3.6% highest 10%: 26.1% (1997) |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Illicit drugs | illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; transit hub for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined for Europe and the US | - |
| Imports | $2.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000) | $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) |
| Imports - commodities | capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs | NA |
| Imports - partners | UK, Nigeria, US, Germany, Italy, Spain (1998) | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe |
| Independence | 6 March 1957 (from UK) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 4.2% (1996 est.) | NA |
| Industries | mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, aluminum smelting, food processing | tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete |
| Infant mortality rate | 56.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 22.8% (2000 est.) | NA |
| International organization participation | ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO | UPU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | 60 sq km (1993 est.) | NA |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions |
| Labor force | 9 million (2000 est.) | 1,345 |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 60%, industry 15%, services 25% (1999 est.) | tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% |
| Land boundaries | total:
2,093 km border countries: Burkina Faso 548 km, Cote d'Ivoire 668 km, Togo 877 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
12% permanent crops: 7% permanent pastures: 22% forests and woodland: 35% other: 24% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official), African languages (including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga) | English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian |
| Legal system | based on English common law and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Parliament (200 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 7 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 100, NDC 92, PNC 3, CPP 1, independents 4 |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
57.24 years male: 55.86 years female: 58.66 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 64.5% male: 75.9% female: 53.5% (1995 est.) |
NA |
| Location | Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia |
| Map references | Africa | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | total:
6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 13,484 GRT/18,583 DWT ships by type: petroleum tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 4 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| Military branches | Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Force, Palace Guard, Civil Defense | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $53 million (FY99) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 0.7% (FY99) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
4,890,483 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
2,713,584 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 18 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
213,237 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 6 March (1957) | Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) |
| Nationality | noun:
Ghanaian(s) adjective: Ghanaian |
noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) |
| Natural hazards | dry, dusty, harmattan winds occur from January to March; droughts | typhoons (especially May to July) |
| Natural resources | gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber, hydropower | fish |
| Net migration rate | -0.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA |
| Pipelines | 0 km | - |
| Political parties and leaders | Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere or EGLE [Owuraku AMOFA, chairman]; National Convention Party or NCP [Sarpong KUMA-KUMA]; National Democratic Congress or NDC [Dr. Huudu YAHAYA, general secretary]; New Patriotic Party or NPP [Samuel Arthur ODOI-SYKES]; People's Convention Party or PCP [P. K. DONKOH-AYIFI, acting chairman]; People's Heritage Party or PHP [Emmanuel Alexander ERSKINE]; People's National Convention or PNC [Edward MAHAMA] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 19,894,014
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.) |
1,828 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 31.4% (1992 est.) | NA |
| Population growth rate | 1.79% (2001 est.) | -0.01% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Takoradi, Tema | none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 18, shortwave 3 (1999) | AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) |
| Radios | 4.4 million (1997) | - |
| Railways | total:
953 km (undergoing major rehabilitation) narrow gauge: 953 km 1.067-m gauge (32 km double track) (1997 est.) |
- |
| Religions | indigenous beliefs 38%, Muslim 30%, Christian 24%, other 8% | Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway domestic: primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors |
general assessment: adequate
domestic: free local calls international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 200,000 (1998) | 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 30,000 (yearend 1998) | 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 11 (1999) | 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) |
| Terrain | mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area | volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains |
| Total fertility rate | 3.82 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA |
| Unemployment rate | 20% (1997 est.) | 0% |
| Waterways | 1,293 km
note: Volta, Ankobra, and Tano Rivers provide 168 km of perennial navigation for launches and lighters; Lake Volta provides 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways |
- |
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